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1、The term "lunatic" derives from the Latin word lunaticus, which originally referred mainly to epilepsy and madness, as diseases thought to be caused by the moon. By the fourth and fifth centuries astrologers were commonly using the term to refer to neurological and psychiatric diseases.Philosophers such as Aristotle and Pliny the Elder argued that the full moon induced insane individuals with bipolar disorder by providing light during nights which would otherwise have been dark, and affecting susceptible individuals through the well-known route of sleep deprivation. Until at least 1700 it was also a common belief that the moon influenced fevers, rheumatism, episodes of epilepsy and other diseases.我貼一段維基上的吧。

2、簡單翻譯下，具體的可以自己去維基看。

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3、想了解得更清楚，后面的參考文獻可以試著找來看一下。

4、“l(fā)unatic”這個詞來自拉丁文“l(fā)unaticus”。

5、“l(fā)unatic”最初的意思是因月光而引起的癲癇和瘋癲。

6、在四世紀和五世紀，占術(shù)師（？）常用這個詞來表示精神學(xué)和神經(jīng)學(xué)方面的疾病。

7、一些哲學(xué)家，像亞里士多德和老普林尼，相信滿月在本該黑暗的時間提供光亮，使一些容易受影響的人失眠，從而產(chǎn)生躁郁癥。

8、甚至直到18世紀，人們還是普遍相信月光會對感冒發(fā)燒，風濕，失憶，癲癇等其他一些疾病產(chǎn)生影響。

9、就這樣吧，水平有限，翻譯得不行，將就看吧。

10、其他的自己去看。

相信通過lunatic這篇文章能幫到你，在和好朋友分享的時候，也歡迎感興趣小伙伴們一起來探討。